National Library of India

4.5

Location: Belvedere Road, Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India 700027.

Estimated visiting time: 2 hours

The National Library of India, situated in Kolkata, stands as a testament to the country’s rich literary heritage and intellectual prowess. Established in 1836 as the Calcutta Public Library, it later evolved into the Imperial Library and finally emerged as the National Library of India in 1948. As the largest library in the country and one of the oldest in Asia, it serves as a vital repository of knowledge, culture, and history, attracting scholars, researchers, and bibliophiles from around the globe.

Attraction

As the National Library of India is primarily a research and academic institution, it may not have the same kind of “attractions” as a typical tourist destination. However, for scholars, researchers, and book lovers, the library itself and its resources are highly appealing.

The library houses a massive collection of over 2.2 million books, manuscripts, periodicals, maps, and other valuable documents in various languages. Scholars and researchers can access a wide range of subjects and historical materials, making it a treasure trove for academic pursuits. The library preserves and showcases rare and ancient manuscripts, some of which date back several centuries. These unique artifacts offer insights into India’s rich literary and cultural heritage, attracting historians, linguists, and archaeologists.

The library’s building itself is a significant attraction. Its stunning architecture, a blend of classical and neoclassical styles, stands as a historic landmark and architectural marvel in Kolkata. The serene and green surroundings further enhance the visitor experience. The National Library regularly hosts exhibitions, seminars, lectures, and cultural events. These events cover a diverse range of topics, including literature, art, history, and science, providing opportunities for intellectual engagement and cultural enrichment.

The library offers state-of-the-art research facilities, reading rooms, and digital archives to support scholars and researchers in their studies. It provides an environment conducive to focused research and learning. It collaborates with various educational and cultural institutions, both within India and abroad. This fosters a network of academic exchange and enriches its collection with contributions from different sources.

The National Library of India engages in educational outreach programs, encouraging students and young readers to develop a love for books and learning. This promotes a reading culture and helps instill a sense of appreciation for India’s literary heritage. The library’s efforts in preserving and conserving rare books and manuscripts are remarkable. Visitors interested in the science and techniques of book conservation may find this aspect particularly fascinating. In addition to physical collections, the library offers a growing array of digital resources, including e-books and electronic documents. This allows researchers from around the world to access its materials remotely.

History

The journey of the National Library of India began during the colonial era when efforts were made to establish a central library in Kolkata. The brainchild of prominent luminaries like Raja Rammohan Roy, David Hare, and Sir Charles Metcalfe, the library was envisioned to provide access to knowledge and encourage intellectual development in the region.

Over the years, the library grew steadily, acquiring valuable collections from various sources, including private collections of renowned scholars, nobles, and wealthy merchants. The turning point came in 1891 when it was designated as the Imperial Library of India, serving as the official repository of all publications produced in British India.

Inside/Outside Views

The library’s interior features spacious and elegant reading rooms with large tables, comfortable chairs, and ample natural light. Scholars and researchers can be seen engrossed in their studies amidst an atmosphere of focused academic pursuits.

The library houses extensive bookshelves stacked with books, manuscripts, and periodicals from various disciplines, creating a sense of awe at the vast knowledge preserved within its walls. Inside, you’ll find special collections of rare and ancient manuscripts carefully preserved in controlled environments. These precious documents offer a glimpse into India’s cultural and historical past.

The library’s modernization efforts include dedicated spaces for digital archives, where researchers can access electronic resources and e-books on computer terminals. The interior might feature exhibits showcasing selected artifacts, manuscripts, or thematic displays, adding an element of visual appeal and educational value.

The National Library of India stands as a majestic white structure, boasting an impressive architectural blend of classical and neoclassical styles. The grandeur of the building is captivating, reflecting the history and cultural significance it represents. It is set within a sprawling 30-acre campus, surrounded by lush green gardens and serene pathways, providing a tranquil environment for visitors to unwind and enjoy nature. The main entrance is adorned with ornate designs and symbolic elements, welcoming visitors to explore the wealth of knowledge housed within.

Opening Hours

Monday to Friday: 9:00 AM to 8:00 PM
Saturday and Sunday: 9:00 AM to 8:00 PM

Entry & Others Fees

The National Library of India in Kolkata did not charge any entry fee for general visitors to access its premises and use its reading rooms. The library is open to the public and welcomes scholars, researchers, students, and anyone interested in utilizing its resources for academic and intellectual pursuits.

Near Restaurants

Near Hotels

How to Reach

By Taxi or Ride-Sharing Services: Taxi and ride-sharing services like Uber and Ola are readily available in Kolkata. You can simply book a taxi or use a ride-sharing app, enter the destination as “National Library of India” or provide the address, and the driver will take you there.

By Metro: Kolkata has an efficient metro rail system that connects different parts of the city. You can take the metro to reach the nearest metro station, which is “Rabindra Sarobar Metro Station” (Line 1 or North-South Line). From there, you can hire an auto-rickshaw or take a short taxi ride to the National Library.

By Bus: Kolkata has an extensive public bus network. You can find buses going to the “Alipore Zoo” or “Alipore Mint” area, which is close to the National Library. Get off at the nearest bus stop, and the library is a short walk away.

By Train: If you are arriving in Kolkata by train, you can alight at Howrah Station or Sealdah Station, both major railway stations in the city. From there, you can take a taxi or an app-based ride to reach the National Library.

By Air: If you are arriving by air, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport is the main airport in Kolkata. From the airport, you can hire a prepaid taxi or use ride-sharing services to reach the National Library.

Tips for Travellers

Before your trip, research Kolkata, its culture, and the National Library of India. Familiarize yourself with the library’s rules, opening hours, and services to make the most of your visit.
Kolkata can have hot and humid weather, especially during the summer months. Dress in light, breathable clothing and carry sunscreen, a hat, and a water bottle to stay comfortable.
Respect the local customs and traditions while visiting public places, including the library. Dress modestly, especially if you plan to visit religious places nearby.
Carry sufficient cash in Indian Rupees, as smaller shops and establishments might not accept credit cards. Major tourist areas and hotels generally accept cards, but it’s always good to have cash on hand.
Kolkata has a mix of transportation options. Use ride-sharing apps, taxis, or the metro for convenient and affordable travel. Be cautious with your belongings while using public transport.
Try local Kolkata cuisine at reputable restaurants or street food stalls. Drink bottled water or use water purifiers to avoid waterborne illnesses.
Be mindful of your belongings, especially in crowded areas. Keep your valuables secure, and avoid displaying expensive items like jewelry and electronic gadgets.
Bengali is the primary language in Kolkata, but Hindi and English are also widely spoken. Learning a few basic phrases in Bengali can be helpful and appreciated by locals.
While Kolkata is generally considered safe, exercise caution when exploring unfamiliar areas, particularly at night. Stick to well-lit and busy streets.
While inside the National Library of India, maintain a peaceful environment by keeping noise levels low and following the library’s rules and regulations.
Make the most of your trip by visiting nearby attractions such as Victoria Memorial, Indian Museum, and St. Paul’s Cathedral after your library visit.
Kolkata is known for its warm hospitality. Engage with locals, ask for recommendations, and learn about the city’s rich history and culture