Gujarat is one of the 28 states of India which is on the western coast of India. It is the fifth largest Indian state. Formation of Gujarat on 1 may, 1960. The capital of Gujarat is Gandhinagar, though the largest city is Ahmedabad. Total area of it is 60,383, 628 ranked as the 9th largest area of India according to the census of 2011.
Rajasthan borders Gujarat to the northeast, Daman and Diu to the south, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Maharashtra to the southeast, Madhya Pradesh to the east, and the Arabian Sea and the Pakistani province of Sindh to the west.
Language
The official language is Gujarati. Other languages of Gujarat are the Bhil language, Gamit language, Hindi, Koli language, Kutchi language, Marathi language, Marwari language, Memoni language, Saurashtra language, Sindhi language, and Urdu language.
According to the 2011 census population of Gujarat is 60,383,024 km^2. Gujaratis are part of an Indo-Aryan ethnic group in the country. The population of Gujarat consists of some well-known tribes such as Nadika, Bhils, Macchi-Kharwa, Rabaris, Kutchis, Dhubla, Kolis, Jats, and Harijans.
Gujarat got its name from the tribe known as ‘Gujjars’, which inhabited the region in the 1st century A.D.
Gujarat shows signs of civilization in the region dating back to as early as 3000 to 1500 B.C.
The history of Gujarat mentions that around 50 Harappan sites were excavated in Gujarat.
Gujarat’s History also has it that around about 150 B.C. the Bactrian Greeks led by Meander ruled over the land. The Scythians ruled over Gujarat from about 130-390 A.D. Gujarat came under the rule of the Guptas from 300 A.D to 460 A.D. In 1411, Ahmed Shah I the first independent Muslim ruler of Gujarat established Ahmedabad.
The history of Gujarat in India also states that the British set up their administration in Gujarat from 1803-1827. Finally, it was on May 1, 1960, that the present state of Gujarat was formed.
In the rustic tribal belts, men still wear the typical Kheda dress while women the typical Chaniya Choli as traditional dress. Wooden houses are remarked as their traditional house. Each house has an especially “Chabutra” built for bird feeding. Pachchikam jewelry is one of the traditional jewelry of the people of Gujrat instead of Gold, made of Silver.
Some of the most needed ceremonies are birth, thread ceremony, marriage, and death. They have celebrated festivals like Navratri and Diwali. Some traditional dance forms of Gujarat are Dandiya Raas, Bhavai, Garba, Tippani, Padhar, etc.
In the case of Music, from the classical side, a number of ragas bear the territorial names of Gujarat such as Gujari Todi, Sorathi, Khambavati, Bilaval, etc. Some traditional folks are like “Charans” and “Gadhavis”.
Some special foods of Gujarat are given below which are famous all over India.
By Road: The roadways of Gujarat extend to a total length of 68,900 km and include national highways, state highways, and other types of highways. State Road Transportation Corporation of Gujarat is the major bus service. You can avail of both bus and taxi services during your tour.
By Train: Gujarat comes under the western Railway Division of Indian railway stations all across the state. Some of the notable stations are Surat, Rajkot, and Ahmedabad. Vadodara station is the busiest station.
By Air: Gujarat has a high degree of aviation connectivity. There are as many as 17 airports all across Gujarat state. International flights take off from Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport which is situated in Ahmedabad. Other airports are Surat, Kandla, Vadodara, Rajkot, Porbandar, Bhavnagar, keeshond, and Deesa airport.
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